A mixed integer programming approach for multi-action planning for threat management

Planning for management actions that address threats to biodiversity is important for securing its long term persistence. However, systematic conservation planning (SCP) has traditionally overlooked this aspect and just focused on identiying priority areas without any recommendation on actions needed. This paper develops a mixed integer mathematical programming (MIP) approach for the multi-action management planning problem (MAMP), where the goal is to find an optimal combination of management actions that abate threats, in an efficent way while accounting for connectiivty. An extended version of the MAMP model (MAMP-E) is also proposed that adds an expression for minimizing fragmentation between different actions. To evaluate the efficiency of the two models, they were applied to a case study corresponding to a large area of the Mitchell River in Northern Asutralia, where 45 species of freshwater fish are exposed to the presence of four threats. The evaluation compares our exact MIP approach with the conservation planning software Marxan and the heuristic approach developed in Cattarino et al. (2015). The results obtained show that our MIP models have three advantages over their heuristic counterparts: shorter execution times, higher solutions quality, and a solution quality guarantee. Hence, the proposed MIP methodology provides a more effective framework for addressing the multi-action conservation problem.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity and Its Relation with Obesity and Metabolic Profile in Children

The human adenovirus 36 (Ad-36) is causally and correlatively associated in animals and humans, respectively, with increased adiposity and altered metabolic profile. In previous studies, the relationship between Ad-36 seropositivity with obesity was established in adults and children. We evaluated the association of positive antibodies to Ad-36 with obesity and metabolic profile in Mexican children. Seventy-five children with normal-weight and 82 with obesity were studied in this research. All children had a clinic assessment which included weight, height, body circumferences, and skinfold thickness. Laboratory analyzes included triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and glucose and insulin levels. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the antibodies to Ad-36 in the serum samples. The overall Ad-36 seroprevalence was 73.9%. Ad-36 seropositivity had a higher prevalence in obese children than in normal weight group (58.6 versus 41.4%, P=0.007). Ad-36 seropositivity was associated with obesity (OR=2.66, P=0.01) and high-density lipoprotein <40 mg/dL (OR=2.85, P=0.03). The Ad-36 seropositive group had greater risk of 4 metabolic abnormalities compared with those children without none alteration. In summary, Ad-36 seropositivity was associated with obesity and low HDL-c levels in the sample of children studied

Dinámica del agua y fitoquímicos durante el secado de rodajas de chile habanero rojo (Capsicum chinense)

Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense) is a source of phytochemicals or bioactive compounds that have shown benefits in human health. For phytochemicals extraction process, a prior drying is required. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drying temperature (30, 50 and 70 degrees C) on total capsaicinoids and total carotenoids, and the coefficients of water diffusivity during drying of sliced red habanero pepper. The results show that the bioactive compounds, present a major stability at high temperature (70 degrees C), the effective diffusivity increased with drying temperature and the activation energy of the process was calculated to 39.575 kJ mol(-1) K-1. Several theoretical aspects of average water diffusivity are discussed

Interleukin-6 Gene Promoter Polymorphisms and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A family study

Objective: To determine whether the advanced paternal age associated factor for bipolar disorder in patients attended at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Cajamarca. Material and Methods: An observational, retrospective, case-control study was conducted. The study population consisted of 136 adult patients with; Which were divided into 2 groups: with or without bipolar disorder; The odds ratio and chi-square test were calculated. Results: There were no significant differences regarding the variables age, gender or origin among patients with or without bipolar disorder. The frequency of advanced paternal age in patients with bipolar disorder was 20%. The frequency of advanced paternal age in patients without bipolar disorder was 9%. Advanced paternal age is a associated factor for bipolar disorder with an odds ratio of 2.67 which was significant (p <0.05). Conclusions: The advanced paternal age associated factor for bipolar disorder in patients attended at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Cajamarca.Objetivo: Determinar si la edad paterna avanzada es factor asociado para trastorno bipolar en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Regional Docente de Cajamarca. Material y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo observacional, retrospectivo de casos y controles. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 136 pacientes adultos con; las cuales fueron divididas en 2 grupos: con trastorno bipolar o sin él; se calculó el odds ratio y la prueba chi cuadrado. Resultados: No se apreciaron diferencias significativas respecto a las variables edad, genero ni procedencia entre los pacientes con trastorno bipolar o sin él. La frecuencia de edad paterna avanzada en los pacientes con trastorno bipolar fue de 20%. La frecuencia de edad paterna avanzada en los pacientes sin trastorno bipolar fue de 9%. La edad paterna avanzada es factor asociado para trastorno bipolar con un odds ratio de 2.67 el cual fue significativo (p<0.05). Conclusiones: La edad paterna avanzad es factor asociado para trastorno bipolar en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Regional Docente de Cajamarca

Calidad en Diagramas de Clases para Generar Competencias en Ingeniería de Software, una Revisión Sistemática

Class diagrams may be used as learning resources for the generation of software engineers’ competencies. However, when they are open learning resources, they may lack information about the quality they contain. It may represent a drawback in the generation of the competencies since defects included in them may hinder the learning objective that generates the competencies. This work reviews 109 open class diagrams to identify the most common defects, it also analyzes some related work to identify what are the quality attributes that class diagrams should contain and the metrics used to evaluate them. The review of the class diagrams is performed based on the attributes and values proposed in the related works. As a result, 15 defects and their frequency, a total of 323 defects were identified. In addition, four Class Diagram cases are presented and explained according to the evaluation of the quality attributes

Elaboración y caracterización nutrimental de abonos orgánicos líquidos en condiciones tropicales

Objective: To characterize the nutritional properties of liquid organic fertilizers (vermicompost tea, organic leachate and biol) made with crop residues from the Chontalpa region. design / methodology: The design for the preparation of liquid organic fertilizers was based on the recommendations issued by FAO. Nutrient estimates were according to the methods of Semi-micro Kjeldahl for N, Vanadio-molybdic for P and digestion with HNO3-HClO4 for K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn. Results: Worm leachate was the one that presented the highest values ??significantly with concentration of major elements NPK with 1.27%, 1.17% and 2.04% respectively, followed by bovine biol with 1.02%, 0.95% and 1.19% of NPK respectively, finally compost tea with the lowest statistically concentrations. In terms of micronutrients such as iron, copper, zinc and manganese, bovine biol presented the highest contents. Limitations / implications: The chemical composition of liquid organic fertilizers depends on the quality of the organic matter with which they were made and their preparation form either aerobic or anaerobic. Findings / conclusions: The leachate of earthworm and biol are the fertilizers that presented the highest concentration of nutrients, concluding that bovine biol is the fastest, most economical and profitable way to use it in agriculture.Objetivo: Caracterizar las propiedades nutrimentales de los abonos orgánicos líquidos (té de vermicompost, lixiviados orgánicos de vermicompost y biol) elaborados con residuos de cultivos de la región de la Chontalpa. Diseño / metodología: el diseño para la elaboración de los abonos orgánicos líquidos fue basado conforme a las recomendaciones emitidas por la FAO. las estimaciones de los nutrientes fueron conforme a los métodos de Semi-micro Kjeldahl para N, Vanadio-molibdico para P y por digestión con HNO3-HClO4 para K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn y Mn). Resultados: Los lixiviados de vermicompost fueron lo que presentaron los valores más altos significativamente con concentración de elementos mayores N, P y K con 1.27%, 1.17% y 2.04%, respectivamente, seguido del biol de bovino con 1.02%, 0.95% y 1.19% de N, P y K respectivamente, finalmente el té de vermicompost con las concentraciones más bajas estadísticamente. En cuanto a micronutrientes como hierro, cobre, zinc y manganeso, el biol de bovino presentó los contenidos más altos. Limitaciones / implicaciones: la composición química de los abonos orgánicos líquidos depende de la calidad de la materia orgánica con la que fueron elaborados y su forma de preparación ya sea de forma aeróbica o anaeróbica. Hallazgos/ conclusiones: Los lixiviados de vermicompost y biol son los abonos que presentaron mayor concentración de nutrientes, concluyendo que el biol de bovino es la forma más rápida, económica y rendidora para su uso en la agricultura

Analysis of correlation of pre-therapeutic assessment and the final diagnosis in endometrial cancer: role of tumor volume in the magnetic resonance imaging

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the introduction of tumor volume as new parameter in the MRI assessment could improve both concordance between preoperative and postoperative staging, and the identification of histological findings.MethodsA retrospective observational study with 127 patients with endometrial cancer (EC) identified between 2016 and 2021 at the Juan Ramon Jimenez University Hospital, Huelva (Spain) was carried out. Tumor volume was measured in three ways. Analyses of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were performed.ResultsAlthough preoperative MRI had an 89.6% and 66.7% sensitivity for the detection of deep mucosal invasion and cervical stroma infiltration, preoperative assessment had an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.517, underestimating tumor final stage in 12.6% of cases, with a poor agreement between preoperative MRI and postoperative staging (κ=0.082) and low sensitivity (14.3%) for serosa infiltration. The cut-off values for all three volume parameters had good/excellent AUC (0.73-0.85), with high sensitivity (70-83%) and specificity (64-84%) values for all histopathological variables. Excellent/good agreement was found all volume parameters for the identification of deep myometrial invasion (0.71), cervical stroma infiltration (0.80), serosa infiltration (0.81), and lymph node metastases (0.81).ConclusionTumor volume measurements have good predictive capacity to detect histopathological findings that affect final tumor staging and might play a crucial role in the preoperative assessment of patients with endometrial cancer in the future

A long non-coding RNA that harbors a SNP associated with type 2 diabetes regulates the expression of TGM2 gene in pancreatic beta cells

IntroductionMost of the disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) lie in non- coding regions of the human genome. Many of these variants have been predicted to impact the expression and function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), but the contribution of these molecules to the development of complex diseases remains to be clarified. MethodsHere, we performed a genetic association study between a SNP located in a lncRNA known as LncTGM2 and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), and analyzed its implication in disease pathogenesis at pancreatic beta cell level. Genetic association study was performed on human samples linking the rs2076380 polymorphism with T2D and glycemic traits. The pancreatic beta cell line EndoC-bH1 was employed for functional studies based on LncTGM2 silencing and overexpression experiments. Human pancreatic islets were used for eQTL analysis. ResultsWe have identified a genetic association between LncTGM2 and T2D risk. Functional characterization of the LncTGM2 revealed its implication in the transcriptional regulation of TGM2, coding for a transglutaminase. The T2Dassociated risk allele in LncTGM2 disrupts the secondary structure of this lncRNA, affecting its stability and the expression of TGM2 in pancreatic beta cells. Diminished LncTGM2 in human beta cells impairs glucose-stimulated insulin release. ConclusionsThese findings provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms by which T2D-associated SNPs in lncRNAs may contribute to disease, paving the way for the development of new therapies based on the modulation of lncRNAs.This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PID2019-104475GA-I00 to I.S, and PGC2018-097573-A-I00 to AC-R) and the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD) - EFSD/JDRF/Lilly Programme on Type 1 Diabetes Research to IS. FO (MS19/00109) is recipient of the Miguel Servet scheme, and AL (FI19/00045) was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Gobierno de España (ES). HR-M (PRE2019-089350) is supported by predoctoral grant from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Gobierno de España (ES) IG-M, MS-C, JM-S and AO-G were supported by Predoctoral Fellowship Grants from the UPV/EHU (Universidad del Pais Vasco/EuskalHerrikoUnibertsitatea) and the Basque Department of Education. MC is supported by the Fonds National de la RechercheScientifique (FNRS), the Francophone Foundation for Diabetes Research (sponsored by the French Diabetes Federation, Abbott, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Novo Nordisk) and FF and MC by the EFSD/BoehringerIngelheim European Research Programme on Multi-System Challenges in Diabetes. The funders were not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, or the decision to submit it for publication

Breve historia de la Facultad de Odontología

La Facultad de Odontología se fundó el 27 de diciembre de 1963 e inició actividades el 3 de marzo de 1964. Años más tarde, el 19 de mayo de 1986, el H. Consejo Universitario aprobó su cambio de escuela a Facultad de Odontología. La conmemoración de 55 años de esta Facultad y 40 años de hermandad con las Universidades de Meikai y Asahi, se constituye un momento oportuno para manifestar el testimonio de cuanto han realizado hombres y mujeres que han dejado huella en esta institución

COYUNTURA ECONÓMICA, año 2, núm. 3, mayo-agosto 2020

La crisis económica que atravesamos actualmente ha causado la caída más fuerte de la economía a escala mundial de la que se tiene registro, debido a las restricciones a la movilidad y actividades productivas dentro de los diferentes países, que llevó a la caída de ingresos y también a la paralización de las cadenas de producción internacional. Según datos de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), la economía de sus países socios cayó en promedio en (–) 11.7% del producto interno bruto (PIB) en los dos primeros trimestres, cifra cercana a la de los países de Norteamérica (T-MEC), donde fue de (–) 11.4% y menor que en la Eurozona, donde descendió (–) 14.9% . Se observa que, en el segundo trimestre de 2020, el PIB de México registró una caída de 18.9% respecto al mismo periodo de 2019 a causa tanto de la paralización de la economía debido al confinamiento para evitar la propagación de la enfermedad como de la caída de la cadena de demanda de parte de nuestros principales socios comerciales, Estados Unidos y China. El análisis de la baja por sectores muestra que la más fuerte se dio en las actividades secundarias (industria de la transformación), con un retroceso de 26.0%, seguida de los sectores terciarios (servicios y comercio) y primario (agricultura, panadería, pesca), con caídas de 15.6 y 0.7% respectivamente, todas medidas a tasa anual. Esta caída está por debajo de las de los países europeos, entre los que España y Reino Unido cayeron más de 20.0%, pero es la más alta en Améric